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Ethiopia
Ethiopia captivates with ancient landmarks, breathtaking landscapes, and vibrant traditions. Visit Lalibela’s rock-hewn churches, trek the Simien Mountains, and explore rich African heritage.
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Summary
Overview
Months
01. January, 02. February, 03. March, 04. April, 05. May, 10. October, 11. November, 12. December
Vacation type
Couple, Family, Hiking, Nature, Sightseeing, Mountains
Expenses
<100€, <150€, <200€, 0-50€, Over 200€
Temperature
10-20°C, 20-25°C
Rainfall
0-50mm, 50-100mm
Safety
Dangerous
Continent
Africa
Currency
Birr
Languages
Amharic, Afar, Oromo
Currency Converter
When to visit
The best time to visit Ethiopia is during the dry season, from October to April. During these months, you can expect pleasant weather with minimal rain, making it ideal for exploring the country’s diverse landscapes and historical sites.
- October to March: Offers cooler temperatures and less rainfall, which is excellent for visiting cultural sites such as the rock-hewn churches of Lalibela, the Simien Mountains, and the Danakil Depression.
- April: Marks the start of the rainy season, but early April can still be a good time for travel with generally manageable weather.
The rainy season, from May to September, brings higher humidity and frequent showers, which can make travel more challenging and some areas less accessible, though it’s also when the landscapes are lush and green. The rainy season peaks in July and August, often leading to heavy rains and potential travel disruptions.
Weather, Crowds and Costs
Per one person
Tourist Season: October-April (Dry Season)
Budget Vacation ($30-60/day)
Accommodation: $10-20/night (budget hotels, guesthouses).
Food: $10-15/day (local food, street food).
Activities: $5-10/day (sightseeing, cultural experiences).
Transportation: $5-10/day (local taxis, buses).
Other Costs: $5/day (souvenirs).
Mid-Range Vacation ($70-150/day)
Accommodation: $20-50/night (mid-range hotels).
Food: $15-30/day (restaurants, cafes).
Activities: $10-30/day (local tours, sightseeing).
Transportation: $10-20/day (local taxis, car rentals).
Other Costs: $5-10/day (shopping).
Luxury Vacation ($200+/day)
Accommodation: $50+/night (luxury hotels, resorts).
Food: $20+/day (fine dining).
Activities: $30+/day (private tours, luxury experiences).
Transportation: $15+/day (private transport).
Other Costs: $10+/day (luxury experiences).
Off-Peak Season: May-September (Rainy Season)
Budget Vacation ($25-50/day)
Accommodation: $10-15/night (budget guesthouses).
Food: $10-15/day (local eateries).
Activities: $5-10/day (cultural sights, nature walks).
Transportation: $5-10/day (local transport).
Other Costs: $5/day (minimal souvenirs).
Mid-Range Vacation ($50-100/day)
Accommodation: $15-40/night (mid-range hotels).
Food: $15-25/day (local dining).
Activities: $5-15/day (city tours, local experiences).
Transportation: $5-15/day (local taxis).
Other Costs: $5-10/day (shopping).
Luxury Vacation ($100+/day)
Accommodation: $40+/night (luxury hotels).
Food: $20+/day (fine dining).
Activities: $10+/day (private excursions).
Transportation: $10+/day (private transport).
Other Costs: $5+/day (luxury shopping).
Best Regions to visit
Cities
1. Addis Ababa
- The capital city, known for its cultural institutions such as the National Museum, the Holy Trinity Cathedral, and the Ethnological Museum.
2. Lalibela
- Famous for its rock-hewn churches, which are a UNESCO World Heritage site and a significant pilgrimage destination.
3. Gondar
- Known for its well-preserved castles and historic churches, including the Royal Enclosure and the Debre Berhan Selassie Church.
4. Axum
- An ancient city known for its archaeological sites, including the Church of St. Mary of Zion and the impressive stelae fields.
5. Bahir Dar
- Located near Lake Tana, known for its beautiful monasteries on the lake's islands and the Blue Nile Falls.
6. Harar
- Renowned for its ancient walled city, vibrant markets, and the tradition of feeding wild hyenas.
7. Dessie
- Known for its mountainous surroundings and as a gateway to the scenic Simien Mountains National Park.
Addis Ababa
Islands
1. Gorgora
- Located on Lake Tana, known for its historic monasteries and scenic views.
2. Kebran Island
- Another island on Lake Tana, notable for its ancient monasteries and serene environment.
3. Debre Maryam
- Also on Lake Tana, famous for its historical significance and the monastery of Debre Maryam.
4. Tana Kirkos
- Known for its medieval churches and monasteries, providing a glimpse into Ethiopia’s ancient Christian heritage.
5. Zege Peninsula
- While not an island in the traditional sense, this peninsula on Lake Tana is home to several historic monasteries and offers picturesque landscapes.
Things to see
Natural Attractions
1. Simien Mountains
- Trek through dramatic highlands with rugged peaks, deep valleys, and unique wildlife such as the Gelada baboon and Walia ibex. The park offers stunning views and challenging hikes.
2. Danakil Depression
- Explore one of the most extreme environments on Earth with active volcanoes, colorful mineral deposits, and vast salt flats. Highlights include the Erta Ale volcano and the Dallol hydrothermal area.
3. Ras Dashen
- Climb Ethiopia's highest peak for panoramic vistas of the Simien Mountains and a chance to see endemic wildlife. It’s a challenging trek with rewarding views.
4. Lake Tana
- Enjoy boat tours on Ethiopia’s largest lake, visiting ancient monasteries and churches located on its islands. The lake is the source of the Blue Nile River.
5. Omo Valley
- Experience the traditional cultures of diverse indigenous tribes, vibrant markets, and unique customs. The valley is renowned for its cultural diversity.
Cultural Attractions
1. Rock-Hewn Churches of Lalibela
- Visit these remarkable churches carved into rock, recognized as a UNESCO World Heritage site. The churches are an important pilgrimage site and showcase unique architectural achievements.
2. Axum Obelisks
- View the ancient stelae fields and the Church of St. Mary of Zion, believed to house the Ark of the Covenant. The obelisks and ruins reflect Ethiopia’s rich historical and religious heritage.
3. Gondar Castles
- Explore the well-preserved medieval castles and palaces, including the Royal Enclosure and Debre Berhan Selassie Church with its elaborate frescoes.
4. Blue Nile Falls
- Admire the dramatic waterfalls on the Blue Nile River, known locally as Tis Issat, or "Nile’s Thunder." The falls are a spectacular natural feature near Lake Tana.
5. Harar’s Historic Walls
- Discover the ancient walled city with its traditional architecture and cultural practices, including the unique feeding of wild hyenas. Harar’s markets and historic sites highlight its rich heritage.
How to get around
1. Domestic Flights
- Given Ethiopia’s vast size and varied terrain, domestic flights are a popular way to travel between major cities and regions. Ethiopian Airlines, one of Africa's largest airlines, offers flights connecting Addis Ababa with cities such as Bahir Dar, Gondar, Lalibela, and Jimma.
2. Trains
- Ethiopia has a rail network operated by Ethiopian Railways. The most notable route is the Addis Ababa-Djibouti Railway, which connects the capital with the port city of Djibouti. Within Ethiopia, there are also plans for expanding rail services to connect other major cities.
3. Public Buses
- Public buses are available for both local and intercity travel. In Addis Ababa, the bus system covers various routes. For intercity travel, buses operated by companies like Sky Bus and Selam Bus connect major cities and towns.
4. Taxis and Ride-Hailing Apps
- Taxis are common in cities like Addis Ababa and can be hailed on the street or arranged through hotels. Ride-hailing apps such as Ride operate in Addis Ababa, providing an alternative to traditional taxis.
5. Car Rentals
- Renting a car is a good option for exploring Ethiopia’s diverse landscapes, including the highlands, historic sites, and rural areas. Driving is on the right side of the road. Major car rental companies operate in Addis Ababa, and 4x4 vehicles are recommended for traveling to more remote areas.
6. Minibuses
- Known locally as “bajajs” or “chat buses”, these shared minibuses are a common mode of transport for short distances within cities and for regional travel.
7. Motorcycles and Scooters
- In some urban areas, especially in Addis Ababa, renting a motorcycle or scooter can be practical for getting around. However, be cautious about road conditions and traffic.
8. Boats
- On Lake Tana, which is the largest lake in Ethiopia, boat tours are available for exploring the monasteries and islands. This is a unique way to experience the natural beauty and historical sites of the region.
For getting around Ethiopia, domestic flights and trains are practical for long-distance travel, while taxis, minibuses, and ride-hailing apps are useful for city and local travel. Car rentals offer flexibility for exploring diverse landscapes, and boats provide scenic travel on Lake Tana.
What to eat
1. Injera
- A sourdough flatbread served with various stews and dishes, used as both a plate and utensil.
2. Doro Wat
- A spicy chicken stew made with berbere spice, served with hard-boiled eggs and injera.
3. Tibs
- Sautéed meat (beef or lamb) cooked with onions and peppers, served hot with injera.
4. Shiro
- A thick chickpea stew seasoned with spices, commonly enjoyed with injera or rice.
5. Kitfo
- Minced raw beef marinated in spices, typically served with collard greens and fresh cheese.
Flights
Flight prices are approximate and vary by departure city, airline, and booking time. Check airlines or travel platforms for the latest details.
Main Airport: Addis Ababa Bole International Airport (ADD)
Flight Prices and Seasons:
From Europe
- Average Round-Trip Cost: €400 to €700.
- Cheapest Months: February to April and September to November.
- Peak Prices: December to February (holiday season).
From North America
- Average Round-Trip Cost: $600 to $1,200.
- Cheapest Months: February to March and September to November.
- Peak Prices: Summer and December holidays.
From Asia
- Average Round-Trip Cost: $500 to $1,000.
- Cheapest Months: February and September.
- Peak Prices: Summer (June to August) and December holidays.
From Australia
- Average Round-Trip Cost: $1,200 to $1,800.
- Cheapest Months: February and November.
- Peak Prices: December holidays and summer months.
From Africa
- Average Round-Trip Cost: $300 to $700.
- Cheapest Months: February and October.
- Peak Prices: Summer and December holidays.
Visa
1. Visa Requirement
- Most travelers need a visa to enter Ethiopia, including citizens of the U.S., Canada, the U.K., and Australia.
2. E-Visa Option
- Many nationalities can apply for an e-visa online, allowing stays of up to 90 days for tourism or business.
3. Visa on Arrival
- Citizens from select countries may be able to obtain a visa on arrival for stays of up to 90 days.
4. Visa Application
- Travelers preferring to obtain a visa before arrival can apply at an Ethiopian embassy or consulate.
5. Types of Visa
- Commonly issued as tourist visas, typically valid for stays of up to 90 days, with possible extensions available.
6. Processing Time
- E-visas are usually processed within a few days; traditional visas may take longer.
7. Duration of Stay
- Most visitors can stay for up to 90 days, with extensions available through local immigration offices.
8. Health Requirements
- No specific vaccinations are required for entry, but travel insurance is recommended.
9. COVID-19 Regulations
- Check for any current COVID-19 entry requirements before traveling, as regulations may change.
Important things to know
1. Payments
- The local currency is the Ethiopian Birr (ETB). Credit cards are accepted in major cities but cash is preferred in rural areas.
2. Tap Water
- Tap water is generally not safe to drink. Bottled water is recommended.
3. Electricity
- The voltage is 220V, and plug types C and E (two round pins) are used. An adapter may be needed for devices from other regions.
4. Tipping in Restaurants
- Tipping is appreciated, typically around 10% for good service.
5. SIM Cards
- Local SIM cards are available from providers like Ethio Telecom. They can be purchased at stores.
6. Driving Side
- In Ethiopia, people drive on the right side of the road.